Impacts of Symptomatic HIV Infection on In-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes: A Population-Based Cohort Study in South Korea

Background: The impact of HIV infection on survival outcomes after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ICPR) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of HIV infection on both short-term and long-term outcomes after ICPR. Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study used data taken from the South Korean National Health Insurance Service database. All adult (≥18 years old) patients who experienced ICPR between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, were included. Results: A total of 298 676 adult patients who underwent ICPR were initially included in the analysis. Among them, 586 (0.2%) patients were assigned to the patients with symptomatic HIV infection (PWH) group, while 298 090 (99.8%) patients were assigned to the control group. After 1:10 propensity score (PS) matching, 586 patients in the PWH group and 5845 patients in the control group were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis after PS matching showed that the PWH group had a 20% lower live discharge rate after ICPR compared with the control group (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97; P =.024). However, Cox regression analysis after PS matching showed that the risks of 6-month survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93-1.11; P =.768) and 1-year survival (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.93-1.11; P =.702) were not significantly different between the PWH and control groups. Conclusions: Although the PWH group showed lower live discharge rates compared with the control group after ICPR, long-term survival outcomes from 6 months and 1 year were not significantly different.